IEC 60086-4:2014 specifies tests and requirements for primary lithium batteries to ensure their safe operation under intended use and reasonably foreseeable misuse. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2007. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: - Harmonisation with the second edition of IEC 62281; - Alternative protective circuits in 7.1.1; - More information regarding risks of swallowing lithium batteries in (former) 7.2.m) and promotion of this item to 7.2a); - A new Annex D with pictograms for some of the safety precautions in 7.2. Keywords: lithium batteries